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- COMMUNISM, Page 22Fear and Anger in Hong KongBeijing's massacre shakes the colony's faith in the futureBy William Stewart/HONG KONG
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- The glittering glass-and-steel Bank of China, Southeast Asia's
- tallest building and a prominent addition to Hong Kong's
- spectacular skyline, was to embody the faith that both Hong Kong
- and China placed in a common future, a visible symbol of the "one
- country, two systems" promised when the British crown colony
- reverts to China in 1997. Last week two enormous black-and-white
- banners drooped across the tower's facade bearing a grim message
- in Chinese characters: BLOOD MUST BE PAID WITH BLOOD.
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- Overnight the savage massacre in Tiananmen Square shattered
- Hong Kong's wary faith in that future. Thousands donned funeral
- garb to mourn the dead of Beijing. The stock market plunged 22% in
- one day in a paroxysm of lost confidence. Chinese flocked to
- mainland banks to withdraw their money, as much in anger as in
- fear. And the largely apolitical people of this freewheeling
- monument to commercialism discovered a newfound political activism.
-
- The grief and fury felt in Hong Kong are the latest expression
- of a startling change in the colony's view of itself. Throughout
- its almost 150-year history as a bold, pushy trading enclave, the
- business of Hong Kong has been business. The colony was a place
- where foreigners and Chinese alike came to make money and get away
- from the political turmoil on the mainland. But since the student
- movement blossomed in Beijing last April, Hong Kong has been
- galvanized. It has found an identity at last, and it is Chinese.
-
- For three weekends in a row, a million people, almost 20% of
- the population, have poured into the crowded streets to show
- solidarity with the students in Beijing. What began as a display
- of support soon became an affirmation of Hong Kong's own desires
- for democracy and self-rule. Then the violent suppression in
- Tiananmen Square woke Hong Kong to the fear that- the fate of the
- students could be its own.
-
- "Never in my worst dreams did I think such a thing could
- happen," said Raymond Ng, 21, a movie-studio technician. "Blood has
- flowed like a river. A catastrophe has befallen my country." So
- Hock, 42, a textile-factory worker explained his shock and outrage:
- "They sent the troops out to kill these young people, people the
- army is supposed to protect. They are worse than beasts." At a
- rally last Sunday at the Happy Valley racetrack, Legislative
- Council member Martin Lee told a crowd, "I believe it (the
- crackdown) is the work of very old men who cling to power and are
- prepared to sacrifice . . . millions of lives. I think they have
- gone mad." Lee then promptly resigned as a member of the Basic Law
- Drafting Committee, the body established by China to draw up Hong
- Kong's post-1997 charter.
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- What the people of Hong Kong discovered they want is democracy
- for Chinese everywhere, Hong Kong included. While Hong Kong is
- democratic in spirit, members of its legislature are mostly
- appointed. An elected legislature could be installed by 1997, but
- the Basic Law does not call for an elected chief executive until
- at least 15 years after the hand-over. But now a fearful Hong Kong
- is demanding a faster pace for its own democratization, to make it
- all the harder for Beijing to overturn.
-
- The shock of last week's events may spur London to take swift
- action on representative government. If it does, it may be only to
- dodge a more explosive issue: whether to give 3.5 million Hong Kong
- citizens who hold restricted British passports the right to
- resettle in Britain. But the government of Prime Minister Margaret
- Thatcher is appalled at the prospect of millions of immigrants
- flooding Britain, and so far has ruled out any drastic change.
- Declared Foreign Secretary Sir Geoffrey Howe: "We could not easily
- contemplate a massive new immigration commitment."
-
- Amid Hong Kong's anger at China, there is growing resentment
- that Britain is failing to provide the leadership the colony needs
- during this tense period. The colonial government is rapidly losing
- its moral authority, as citizens conclude Britain isn't listening
- to them. Last week Governor Sir David Wilson finally flew to London
- to plead Hong Kong's case. Although Thatcher is willing to relax
- the rules a little and is expected to announce some details this
- week, Wilson did not receive the kinds of reassurance the colony
- desperately seeks.
-
- In the end, Britain cannot restore what Beijing has destroyed:
- Hong Kong's faith that China will keep its word. The events in
- Tiananmen Square have deeply alienated a people only reluctantly
- willing to accept China's embrace. It is a sad and disturbing irony
- that at the very moment Hong Kong has discovered its affinity with
- the Chinese people, it has also seen the ugly side of its
- prospective governors. Says Dame Lydia Dunn, the senior member of
- Hong Kong's governing Executive Council: "In one week China has
- wiped out what it had accomplished in ten years. Fears now have to
- be recognized."